Análisis del riesgo de erosión para la prevención de desastres en la caldera del Mt. Bawakaraeng, Indonesia

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem, but its impact on gullies as a threat to human life has been little studied in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to analyze the erosion risk in gullies for disaster mitigation and to know the loss of soil in the Bawakaraeng Mt. Inventories of debris flow disasters related to gullies in the caldera from 2007 to 2017 were carried out, field work and soil analysis were carried out. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used for the loss of soil. It was determined that there are 22 events of debris flows, related to gully erosion in the sediment deposits. Results showed that the particles and the permeability of the soil in the lower part of the deposits could promote erosion, in comparison with the site of the upper part of the caldera. The analysis of risk of erosion revealed that 3.53 % of the studied area has a very low type of erosion; 12.87 % a low level; 64.06 % a moderate level; 0.06 % a high level and 19.49 % a very high level. The construction of sabo dam to control erosion and sedimentation and the development of a disaster warning system must be done continuously in the place.