mHealth for Maternal Mental Health.
2017
Health and wellbeing applications increasingly raise ethical
issues for design. User-centred and participatory design
approaches, while grounded in everyday wisdom, cannot be
expected to address ethical reflection consistently, as
multiple value systems come into play. We explore the
potential of phronesis, a concept from Aristotelian virtue
ethics, for mHealth design. Phronesis describes wisdom and
judgment garnered from practical experience of specific
situations in context. Applied phronesis contributes
everyday wisdom to challenging issues for vulnerable target
users. Drawing on research into mHealth technologies for
psychological wellbeing, we explore how phronesis can
inform ethical design. Using a case study on an app for selfreporting symptoms of depression during pregnancy, we
present a framework for incorporating a phronetic approach
into design, involving: (a) a wide feedback net to capture
phronetic input early in design; (b) observing the order of
feedback, which directly affects value priorities in design;
(c) ethical pluralism recognising different coexisting value
systems; (d) acknowledging subjectivity in the disclosure
and recognition of individual researcher and participant
values. We offer insights into how a phronetic approach can
contribute everyday wisdom to designing mHealth technologies to help designers foster the values that
promote human flourishing.
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