Untersuchung der Materialschädigung an Komponenten zukünftiger Fusionsreaktoren

Nowadays materials based on beryllium, carbon or tungsten are those most favored for use as wall components which will be heat loaded by the plasma in future fusion reactors. These materials are subjected to extreme heat loads (up to 20 MWm -2 ) during normal operation. In order to carry the heat away safely, the above materials are joined to metallic heat sinks (molybdenum or copper alloys) by an appropriate joining technique. As the components and the joints are thermally cycled by the heat load, thermal fatigue will cause material damage. Additionally, in the case of an unsteady plasma the materials will be extremely thermoshocked by energy densities up to 140 MJm-2. Under these conditions the materials facing the plasma (Be, C, W) will be strongly eroded. At the same time local melting, recrystallisation and cracking will cause extensive material damage.