Theoretical perspectives on EIA and Follow-up

This chapter provides a theoretical background for EIA follow-up. It elaborates on concepts introduced in Chapter 1 and builds upon the work of Arts (1998) to examine the relationships between EIA and planning and decision-making in some detail. Box 2.1 defines some important terms used. The chapter first considers the origins of the concepts of EIA and follow-up in terms of seeking to rationalize decision-making and planning. Subsequent discussion explores the tension between the theoretical concepts and complex practice of planning, decision-making and project management, thereby highlighting the limitations of rational planning (i.e. EIA). The chapter ends with an examination of the role of EIA fellow-up for fitting EIA better in decision-making and the plan/project life cycle including implementation and management (Figure 1.1). Key theoretical issues raised in this chapter are consolidated in a practical framework for EIA follow—up in Chapter 3 and in the various case study chapters thereafter.