Solid Biofuels Thermochemical Conversion: Combustion for Power and Heat

Combustion is the most developed and widely applied process used for the energy utilization of solid biofuels and the conversion of pre-treated biomass feedstock (e.g. pellets and briquettes) because of its low costs and high reliability. The problem though of solid biofuels combustion is very complex, with the details depending upon both the nature of the fuel and the specific application. In this chapter, the solid biofuels combustion stages and emissions are introduced and elaborated. Different combustion technologies prevailing in the market both for domestic use and for industrial applications are also presented, focusing on those applications that are more commonly found. Emphasis is placed on the recent advancements in the field of solid biofuels boilers, with regard to the minimum requirements according to the European eco-design regulations and directives. The chapter concludes with the principles of co-combustion, a major application in the field of biomass exploitation for power production.