Polimerek és blokk-kopolimerek karakterizálása MALDI-TOF tömegspektrometriával = Characterization of Polymers and Block Copolymers by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Reszletesen tanulmanyoztuk a propilen-karbonat oligomerizacios reakciojat p-tercbutil-fenol/KHCO3 inicialo rendszer jelenleteben. Biner random kopolimereket allitottunk elő etilen-karbonat, propilen-karbonat es -kaprolacton monomerek felhasznalasaval. A eredmenyeink alapjan mechanizmust javasoltunk a karbonat-tartalmu lancok degradaciojara es a ciklikus kooligomerek kialakulasara. Uj tipusu polikondenzacios reakciot figyelunk meg a 3,6-Di-O-acetil-D-glukal eseteben. A kepződott poliszacharidok szerkezetet NMR es MALDI TOF modszerekkel deritettuk fel. Kulonboző szegmensmeretű poliizobutilen/poli(metil-vinil-eter) diblokk kopolimereket allitottunk elő es ezek szabad terfogatait vizsgaltuk pozitron annihilacios technikaval. Megallapitottuk, hogy a monomeregysegek beepulese noveli a szabad terfogatokat. Az apolaros poliizobuten es ezek kopolimerjeinek ezustsok jelenleteben vegzett MALDI-TOF MS vizsgalatai soran Agn+- es Agn--klaszterek kepződeset mutattuk ki. Arany es vegyes AgnAum(+,-) klaszterionokat allitottunk elő MALDI korulmenyek kozott HAuCl4/AgTFA sokeverek felhasznalasaval. Megallapitottuk, hogy a HAuCl4/AgTFA arany valtoztatasaval a kepződott vegyes klaszter osszetetele es eloszlasa is kontrollalhato. Poliuretan-szenszal kompozitokat allitottunk elő. Megallapitottuk, hogy a kompozit szakitoszilardsaga es Young-modolusza a szenszal-tartalommal linearisan nő. | The oligomerization of propylene carbonate in the presence of p-tert-butyl-phenole/KHCO3 initiator system was studied. Biner random copolymers were synthesized using ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and caprolactone monomers. A mechanism was proposed for the degradation of carbonate containing chains and for the formation of cyclic cooligomers. A novel type polycondensation reaction was observed in the case of 3,6-Di-O-acetyl-D-glucal. The structure of the polysaccharides formed was determined by NMR and MALDI TOF MS methods. Polyisobutylene/poly(methyl-vinyl-ether) diblock copolymers of varying block length were prepared and the free volumes of these block copolymers were studied by positron annihilation technique. It was observed that the addition of a new monomer unit increases the free volume. By studying polyisobutylene and its copolymers by MALDI-TOF MS in the presence of silver salts, the formation of Agn+- and Agn--clusters was identified. Gold and mixed AgnAum(+,-) clusters were produced under MALDI conditions from the mixture of HAuCl4/AgTFA/matrix. It was also observed that both the composition and the distribution of the mixed clusters could be controlled by the HAuCl4/AgTFA molar ratio. Polyurethane-carbon fiber composites were prepared. According to our experiments the breaking strength and the Young-modulus of the composite increased linearly with carbon fiber content.