Transplante cardíaco: a experiência do Instituto do Coraçäo de Pernambuco com 35 casos

Material and Methods: From August/ 1991 to February/ 2000, 35 orthotopic heart transplants were performed at the Heart Institute of Pernambuco. There were 29 male and 6 female patients ranging in age from 15 to 69 years (mean: 46.9 yr.). Recipient diagnoses included ischemic cardiomyopathy in 18, idiopatic dilated cardiomyopathy in 13, mixomatous disease in 2, rheumatic valvar disease in 1 and Chagas` disease in 1. All were in the final stage of heart failure (functional class III or IV of the New York Heart Association) and the ejection fraction ranged from 16 to 27% (mean: 20.9 ± 2.9). Seventeen (48.5%) patients had had previous cardiac operations. The classical surgical technique described by Lower and Shumway, in 1960, was used in all cases. Mean graft ischemic time was 91 ± 21 minutes (ranged from 60 to 180 minutes). Results: There were 7 (20%) deaths in the early postoperative period. Non-fatal postoperative complications occurred in other 13 patients including 5 episodes of rejection. Mean follow-up period of the 28 survivors was 31.2 months (ranged from 1 to 68 mo.) There were 14 late deaths owing to rejection (4), infection (4), graft coronary artery disease (2), chronic renal failure (2) and sudden death (2). The actuarial survival estimated is 70% at 1 year and 30% at 5 years. Conclusion: It is concluded that cardiac transplantation program is feasible in our community but poorer results in comparison to international experience should be expected owing to social problems of the recipient population.