Remanufacturing-the key solution for transforming "downcycling" into "upcycling" of electronics

By presenting a global perspective of current technology trends and business plans of key remanufacturing activities in various industries, this contribution identifies remanufacturing as a profitable, both economic and ecologic approach to close the gap between shorter innovation cycles and longer product lives also in the electric and electronic industry. For this purpose a global review and evaluation of up-to-date remanufacturing companies' activities of various products and industries, their opportunities, challenges and outlooks have been done, and is presented as a state-of-the-art report and an aid to decision making.