Relation between oxidative stress and hematological abnormalities in children with type 1 diabetes

Abstract Objectives Recently, numerous studies have been renewed attention to the hematological profile in the early identification of diabetic inflammations and complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between hematological indices abnormalities and oxidative stress among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods This study included 70 children diagnosed with T1DM and 30 healthy controls. The children with T1DM were divided into two groups according to the duration of diabetes, newly and older diagnosed T1DM children. Results Erythrocytes and platelets count were decreased significantly in older diagnosed T1DM children, while leukocytes and neutrophils count were increased significantly in newly diagnosed T1DM children compared to healthy controls. Moreover, hemoglobin and hematocrit values revealed a significant depletion in both T1DM groups, however, values of red blood cells distribution width, mean platelet volume, and platelets distribution width were significantly elevated in both T1DM groups compared to healthy controls. Also, microalbuminuria level showed a significant increase in older diagnosed T1DM children, while lipid peroxidation biomarker (Malondialdehyde) and nitric oxide levels were elevated markedly in both T1DM groups compared to the healthy group. Conclusions The above mention data demonstrated that the hematological profile showed noticeable alterations in children with T1DM and the inflammation and oxidative stress markers were contributed to the hematological abnormalities. The results revealed that some hematological indices can be used in the early detection of T1DM children at risk of diabetic complications.