Separating the contributions of electric and magnetic fields in deflecting the probes in proton radiography with multiple proton energies

In proton radiography, degeneracy of electric and magnetic fields in deflecting the probe protons can prevent full interpretation of proton flux perturbations in the detection plane. In this paper, theoretical analyses and numerical simulations suggest that the contributions of the electric and magnetic fields can be separately obtained by analyzing the difference between the flux distributions of two discriminated proton energies in a single shot of proton radiography. To eliminate the influence of field evolution on the separation, a strategy is proposed in which slow field evolution is assumed or an approximate estimate of field growth is made. This could help achieve a clearer understanding of the radiographic process and allow further quantitative analysis.