Errors of residual stromal thickness estimation in LASIK.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate inaccuracy and variability in residual stromal thickness estimation in LASIK by pachymetry and measurements of corneal thickness, flap thickness, and ablation depth. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 73 eyes of 37 patients, preoperative and postoperative corneal thicknesses were obtained with slit-scanning elevation topography and the ultrasound pachymeter. LASIK was performed and corneal flaps were created with a microkeratome. Flap thickness and ablation depth (expected and achieved) were calculated. Residual stromal thickness estimation error was analyzed. RESULTS: The mean preoperative corneal thicknesses were 559.58 +/- 23.47 and 554.92 +/- 29.95 microm for the ultrasound pachymeter and slit-scanning elevation topography, respectively. Measurement differences ranged from -36 to 30 microm. With the pachymeter, calculated mean flap thickness was 139.58 +/- 17.59 microm. With this device, predicted ablation depth differed from achieved depth by 20% or more in approximately one-third (30.14%) of treated patients; ablation differences ranged from 10.0% to 19.99% in 37% of patients and 1.00% to 9.99% in 31.5% of patients. CONCLUSION: Imprecision of microkeratome cuts, preoperative corneal pachymetry, and laser ablation depth have a significant impact on the inaccuracy of residual stromal thickness prediction. Especially in patients with borderline corneal thickness, intraoperative pachymetry measurements and a residual stromal thickness higher than the safety margin of 250 microm are recommended to minimize iatrogenic ectasia.