Crossroads in ambulatory surgery.

In its short history, same-day surgery has encountered several major decision points or crossroads: during its inception, and when facing the decision to expand to meet the needs of radiology, cardiology, and neurology. Changes in surgery toward less invasive procedures, such as laparoscopic, laser, and stapling procedures influence institutions to make major decisions involving same-day surgery. Perioperative nurses in ambulatory services are being compelled to look at efficiencies regarding patient contact and interaction. Major decisions regarding these nursing approaches must be made, just as major decisions have been required in ambulatory services in the past.