CARCINOMA ANAPLÁSICO DE TIREÓIDE – RELATO DE CASO

Introduction: Thyroid anaplastic carcinoma, or undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (UTC), is the most aggressive form of thyroid neoplasm, with a high mortality rate and a survival rate of 6 months. Case report: female patient, 64 years old, was hospitalized with symptoms that started 3 weeks earlier. She presented with progressive dysphagia, cervical pain, dysphonia, asthenia, poor general state, dyspnea and weight loss, with worsening of symptoms in the last week. Thyroid function was normal. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid showed a positive result for malignity of left lobe nodule, compatible with undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, suggestive of thyroid anaplastic cancer. The cervical computed tomography showed a cervical mass with extension from mediastinum to the aortic arc, involving the supra aortic vessels, and compressing the trachea, which had 4mm in its lowest diameter. The patient did not have surgical indication for resection and had no conditions to establish a definite airway, due to the extension of tumor and infraglotic tracheal compression. The patient was treated with palliative care and, after 7 days of admission, the patient passed away. Conclusion: due to severity and fast progression of UTC, early diagnostic is fundamental for the evaluation of the tumor staging and therapeutic plan, when it is possible. The best plan is the association of an aggressive surgical treatment with new chemotherapeutic drugs and external radiotherapy.