Haemorrhagic-necrotic enteritis in heavy breeds broilers
2014
The aim of the investigation was to determine the influence of Clostridium
perfringens type A on the development of pathomorphological substrate, its
intensity and distribution in fifteen weeks old heavy breeds broilers. The
investigation was carried out on corpses of 8 hens and 7 roosters of heavy
breeds of provenance COBB 500. After the completion of the autopsy, samples
of altered parts of jejunum and liver were taken for histopathological
examination, and jejunum intestinal contents for bacteriological examination.
In all the corpses, in open pleuroperitoneal cavity, even in situ, an altered
part of jejunum can be noticed. It was extremely dilated the entire length,
and its wall was bluish-gray with disseminated subserous punctiform blood
extravasates. When opened, semi-liquid content with blood coagulums and
patches of necrotic mucosa went out of it. By microscopic examination of
small intestine tissue cuttings, colored by HE method, there was observed a
diffuse necrosis of intestinal villi. They were desroyed and replaced by
eosinophilic structureless mass. Furthermore, there could be noticed
submucose oedema, capillary congestion and blood extravasates in mucosa, as
well as infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes in lamina propria. These
microscopic alterations reflect hemorrhagic necrotic enteritis. By
microscopic examining of small intestine cuttings colored according to Brown
& Brenn method, colonies of bacteria in distal parts of the submucosa were
found out. Using bacteriological tests in anaerobic conditions, there was
isolated a culture identified as Clostridium perfringens. After applying of
multiplex PCR, the obtained isolate was genotyped as Clostridium perfringens
type A. On the basis of pathomorphological, bacteriological and molecular
examinations, it can be concluded that the infection of heavy breeds with
Clostridium perfringens type A is manifested by appearance of
haemorrhagic-necrotic jejunitis, that the causer penetrates deeply into
jejunum tissue and that wheat and wheat bran were a favoring factor for
proliferation of the etiological agent. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke
Republike Srbije, br. III 46009 i br. TR 31062]
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