Difunctional nanoprobe based on lanthanide metal as well as preparation method and application of difunctional nanoprobe

The invention discloses a difunctional nanoprobe based on lanthanide metal as well as a preparation method and an application of the difunctional nanoprobe. The preparation method of the difunctional nanoprobe based on the lanthanide metal comprises steps as follows: 1), polypeptides containing DEVD amino acid residues are taken as a bridging agent and firstly react with antenna molecules BCTOT (10-bis(5'-chlorosulfo-thiophene-2' -yl)-4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-octafluorodecane-1,3,8,10-tetraone), and BCTOT modified polypeptides are obtained; 2), the BCTOT modified polypeptides have a chelation reaction with lanthanide metal ions, and a chelated polypeptide solution is obtained; 3), the chelated polypeptide solution reacts with a nanomaterial solution, and the difunctional nanoprobe based on the lanthanide metal is obtained. The difunctional nanoprobe based on the lanthanide metal is applied to caspase-3 spectrum detection, mass spectrometric detection, cell imaging and/or ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) quantitative detection. Dynamic visualization of biomolecule sites and high-sensitivity quantitative analysis can be achieved.