Prospection of geo-resources for the building of social houses in Cuba
2020
T he Spanish group of the IAPG has one of its strategic areas focused on development cooperation,
in order to solve environmental, ethical and social problems related to the management of
geological resources. One of the branches of this cooperation focuses on natural materials
prospection which can be used as cheap additives in the construction process. As a result of this
line, a cooperation project was carried out framed in the program of the Universidad Politecnica
de Madrid (UPM) with Latin America, specifically with the University of Moa, province of Holguin
(Cuba). This research aims to characterize the deposits of natural pozzolans in the northeastern
region of Cuba, and determine their possible applications in the manufacture of cements and
mortars for the construction of social housing in that region. The tasks contemplated in the
development of this project are divided into two fundamental parts; the first one, which describes
the field campaigns in situ in which geological survey and sampling work was carried out, with the
assimilation of natural samples from the selected deposits, as well as samples of slag extracted
from a steel plant. The second part refers to the laboratory campaign, in which a great variety of
tests have been carried out to determine the suitability of the samples, among which are
mentioned: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, chemical analysis, pozzolanicity,
granulometric test, specific surface, real density, freezing, mechanical resistance and
determination of the speed of propagation of the ultrasound. After analyzing the results obtained,
it is concluded that the samples studied have the properties and characteristics necessary for the
manufacture of cements and mortars with pozzolanic characteristics, justifying, in this way, the
manufacture of products with a moderate production cost and with the quality for the
construction of social housing and infrastructure, so necessary in the study area.
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