Impact of frailty on outcomes in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention

AIMS: Frailty is characterized by reduced biological reserves and weakened resistance to stressors, and is common in older adults. This study evaluated the prognostic implications of frailty at hospitalization in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively analyzed 546 AMI patients aged >/=80 years undergoing PCI from 2009 to 2017. Frailty was classified based on impairment in walking (unassisted, assisted, wheelchair/non-ambulatory), cognition (normal, mildly impaired, moderately to severely impaired), and basic activities of daily living. Impairment in each domain was scored as 0, 1, or 2, and patients were categorized into the following 3 groups based on total score: no frailty (0), mild frailty (1 to 2), moderate-to-severe frailty (>/=3). The median follow-up period was 589 days. Of the 546 patients, 27.8% were frail (mild or moderate-to-severe), and this proportion significantly increased to 35.5% at discharge (P /=80 years undergoing PCI was associated with major bleeding, in-hospital death, and mid-term mortality.