On Cross-Layer Based Handoff Scheme in Heterogeneous Mobile Networks

The necessities of the MNs are generally included in the cellular modules available in LTE/3G and Wi-Fi for high-speed Internet. Further, many people with Wi-Fi and LTE/3G use a cross-layer-based handoff as they move from one place to another. MN mobility management has been handled adequately; however, using the network-based mobility management described in this paper, carriers can manage and maintain a lower-cost network.