MRI of Aseptic Lymphocytic Vasculitis-Associated Lesions in Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical, histopathologic, and MRI features of aseptic lymphocytic vasculitis-associated lesions in total hip replacements. CONCLUSION. The introduction of modern metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty has been accompanied by a newly described disease, aseptic lymphocytic vasculitis-associated lesions, which is characterized histologically by bland necrosis and dense perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates. Conventional radiographic findings are often normal, but the typical MRI findings include periprosthetic fluid collections, soft-tissue masses, gluteal tendon avulsion, bone loss, periosteal stripping, neurovascular involvement, and periprosthetic fractures. The severity of the histologic and MRI appearances can be graded according to defined published criteria.