Quantization index modulation (QIM) based watermarking techniques for 3D meshes

Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) received tremendous attention in the field of information hiding and secure communication of multimedia data. The discloser of these set of algorithms by Chen and Wornell [1] in the year 1999 gave a new direction to watermarking and steganography research. This paper discusses various QIM realizations in 3D surface meshes. The approaches are divided into two classes in here, namely; direction based and distance based methods. It also presents how the state of the art mesh watermark embedding methods have used the QIM concept and achieved considerable performance with respect to embedding distortion, hiding capacity related trade-off.