Detection of RS‐virus IgG‐subclass‐ specific antibodies: Variation according to age in infants and small children and diagnostic value in RS‐virus‐infected small infants

The variation according to age of RS-virus IgG-subclass specific antibodies was investigated by ELISA in 140 acute phase sera from 140 infants and children 1–47 mo of age who were hospitalized with acute respiratory disease. Sixty-nine of these serum samples were obtained from patients with RS-virus infections. Mean OD values of IgG-1 antibodies decreased corresponding to the decrease in maternal antibodies. In patients with RS-virus infections, the mean IgG-1 OD values increased in children who were 3 yr old, but in patients without RS-virus infections this increase was observed in children at 1 yr of age. RS-virus IgG-3 antibodies were detected only in children 1–3 yrs of age, and only in 18% of samples from children without RS-virus infections. The concept of the transient nature of RS-virus IgG-3 antibodies as compared with RS-virus IgG-1 antibodies is supported by these results. RS-virus subclass specific antibodies were studied in paired serum samples from 12 infants 1–5 mo of age with acute lower RS-virus disease. IgG-1 antibodies developed in six infants, but only in one of six infants aged 1–3 mo. IgG-3 antibodies developed in nine infants, including four of six infants who were 1–3 mo old. These results suggest that in small infants with RS-virus infections the detection of IgG-3 antibodies is of higher diagnostic value than the detection of IgG-1 antibodies.