Perfil da ictiofauna da bacia do rio São Francisco / Profile of the fish fauna of the São Francisco river basin

Resumo O Sao Francisco e o maior rio totalmente brasileiro, apresenta uma ampla riqueza de ambientes, o que lhe confere uma rica e diversificada ictiofauna, possuindo inumeras especies endemicas. A proposta deste trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o perfil da ictiofauna, na bacia do rio Sao Francisco, composicao de endemismo e distribuicao por taxons. Os levantamentos ictiofaunisticos foram realizados a partir da literatura especializada e atraves da identificacao de especies oriundas de coletas realizadas na regiao de Sobradinho no periodo de 2002 a 2004 e no Baixo Sao Francisco nos ultimos sete anos. Cerca de 320 especies foram consideradas validas, das quais 241 sao dulciaquicolas nativas (divisao Primaria e Secundaria de Myers, 1938), 51 invasoras (divisao Periferica de Myers, 1938) e 28 aloctones, introduzidas na bacia, via piscicultura ou aquarismo. Na bacia do Sao Francisco, e notorio o alto nivel de endemismo com cerca de 60% das especies dulciaquicolas nativas. Abstract The Sao Francisco is one of the biggest Brazilian river with richers habitats and abundant and diversity fish fauna, having many endemic species. The purpose of this study was to analyze the profile and to survey of fish fauna of Sao Francisco river basin, composition endemic and distribuition of taxons. The datas of fish fauna were analyzed by specialy literature and the species of fishes in the Sobradinho’s region, collected during the period of 2002 and 2004, while the fish species of Lower Sao Francisco River were collected in the last seven years, respectively. A total of 304 species were validated, being 241 freshwater fish species native, 35 invaders species and 28 fish species aloctones (introduced by fish farm or aquarism). In Sao Francisco river basin is commom high levels of endemism, aproximated 60% to fish species native.