Using petrographic techniques to evaluate the induced effects of NaCl, extreme climatic conditions, and traffic load on Spanish road surfaces

2017 
espanolLas capas de rodadura son las mas expuestas al clima y al efecto del trafico, especialmente en carreteras sometidas a mantenimiento invernal. Por este motivo, es importante conocer mejor los mecanismos de deterioro de dichas capas a la hora de mejorar su diseno, construccion y uso a largo plazo. Con este fin, dos tipos de mezclas asfalticas utilizadas en el NO de Espana fueron expuestas a ensayos de durabilidad (heladicidad y choque termico) con una solucion saturada de NaCl. Despues, se realizo el ensayo de pista y el material deteriorado y deformado resultante fue analizado mediante microscopia optica de luz polarizada y de fluorescencia. Dicho analisis mostro que el principal responsable de la degradacion de la mezcla fue la baja adhesion arido-betun. Esta degradacion se concentro en el arido debido a que el ligante actuo como una pared impermeable. En consecuencia, la solucion de NaCl pudo penetrar y degradar rapida e intensamente el arido. EnglishThe asphalt surface layer is the most exposed to weather and traffic conditions on roads, especially those subjected to winter maintenance. Therefore, a deep knowledge of the mechanisms which can damage this layer is necessary to improve its design, construction and long-term use. With this purpose, two types of asphalt mixtures used on roads from NW Spain were subjected to durability tests (freezing-thaw and thermal-stress) with a saturated NaCl solution. After the durability tests, a wheel tracking test was performed on the samples, and the resultant material was analyzed by optical polarized light and fluorescence microscopy. This analysis showed that the binder-aggregate low adhesion was the main responsible of the asphalt mixture damage. This damage was concentrated in the aggregates because the binder acted as an impermeable wall. Consequently, the NaCl solution penetrated and degraded the aggregates quickly and strongly
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