Valoración social de los sistemas agrarios periurbanos. Aplicación al sistema periurbano de la Huerta de Valencia.

Resumen. El debate en torno a la multifuncionalidad de los sistemas agrarios, las reformulaciones mas recientes del concepto y sus conexiones con las politicas territoriales, asi como los corolarios mas interesantes que resultan del mismo, constituyen la base de un enfoque muy apropiado para legitimar la intervencion publica, en aras de la conservacion de sistemas agrarios a los que se reconoce la provision de ciertos bienes y servicios. Sin embargo, la dificultad de esta intervencion publica tiene su mayor obstaculo en la determinacion de las preferencias de la poblacion por estos bienes y servicios que presta la agricultura por tratarse de bienes publicos sin mercado. Las tecnicas de analisis multicriterio como AnalyticHierarchyProcess (AHP) puede ayudar a valorar las prioridades de los distintos colectivos sociales afectados mediante el analisis de la importancia relativa que el conjunto de la sociedad otorga a las diferentes funciones. Los resultados pueden integrarse en las decisiones de politica que adopten las autoridades que llevaran a la oferta de bienes publicos demandados por la sociedad. Palabras claves: Agricultura multifuncional, bienes publicos, produccion conjunta, externalidades, fallo de mercado, optimo social, multicriterio. Abstract. The debate on the multifunctionality of agriculture and its connections with territorial policies are the basis of the most appropriate approach to legitimize public interventions in the agricultural sector. The main obstacle of this public intervention is to know the goods and services provided by agricultural systems and elicitation of the social preferences for them. We created a descriptive approach for the multifunctionality of agricultural systems that is based on the review of the scientific literature focused on multifunctionality and the goods and services of agricultural systems. The review shows a large variety of activities and approaches, which can be grouped by their economic dimension (E), social dimension (S) and environmental dimension (EN). Multicriteria techniques, such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), can help elicit the priorities and the relative importance of different functions attributed by the society as a whole. The authorities can take into account these results to inform and support their political decisions. This paper describes a methodological approach to determine the Social Welfare Function (SWF) by using AHP. The proposed methodology is applied to the Huerta de Valencia, a rich peri-urban agricultural system with a variety of resources, around which there is an open political-institutional debate to define a protection scheme. The results are very interesting and useful to enrich this debate. Keywords: Muntifunctionalagricultura,public goods, joint production, externalities, market failure, optimal social, multicriteria http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ISL2014.2014.207