Scanning GNSS-R Beams from Cubesats Using Sequentially Rotated Deployable Dipoles

GNSS-R reflectometry uses direct and reflected signals from Global Positioning satellites to probe the Earth's surface. This paper focuses on constellations of tiny satellites creating single scanned beams. Special attention is paid to the capability to deploy easily a limited number of antennas. Here, circular polarization and limited scanning are made possible through the deployment of four linearly polarized antennas. Sidelobes are controlled using parasitic elements, and the favorable effect of the cube on back-radiation is demonstrated.