Eosinophilic esophagitis: Pathobiology and management

Patients with eosinophilic esophagitis present with symptoms similar to those found in GERD, along with dense esophageal eosinophilia that persist despite aggressive acid blockade. A dramatic increase in prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis over the past several years has provided clinicians with a new explanation for previously unexplained dysphagia, food impaction, and vomiting. In light of this recognition, an increasing number of basic and translational studies are building a new understanding of the pathogenesis of esophageal eosinophilia. This review focuses on recent studies that define clinical features, genetic predisposition, pathogenetic mechanisms, and treatment options for eosinophilic esophagitis.