IFN-λ4 inhibits HIV infection of macrophages through signalling of IFN-λR1/IL-10R2 receptor complex

The recently discovered IFN-λ4 has been found to have antiviral activity against several viruses. However, it’s unknown whether IFN-λ4 can inhibit HIV infection. Here, we show that IFN-λ4 could suppress HIV infection of macrophages. This IFN-λ4-mediated HIV inhibition was compromised by the antibodies against IFN-λ receptor complex, IFN-λR1/IL-10R2. IFN-λ4 enhanced the phosphorylation of STAT1, and induced antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). These findings indicated that IFN-λ4 can inhibit HIV via JAK/STAT signaling pathway.