MACROSCOPIC CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTALLY DAMAGED TIBIA OF RABBITS WHEN ALLOGENEIC MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS WERE INTRODUCED IN DIFFERENT WAYS

The article presents the results of studying macroscopic changes in the tibia of rabbits during experimental mechanical damage after leading allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells to the jugular vein and directly to the site of bone damage. Bone damage was modeled on 3-month-old chinchilla rabbits in the middle third of the tibial shaft. Macroscopic studies of the process of restoration of the tibial defect were carried out on 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days. Our macroscopic studies of the healing of a tibial defect indicate a difference in the regeneration processes in rabbits of the control group and experimental groups after the use of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. It was found that the introduction of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, regeneration processes are faster for 3 days in the area of damage, there are no blood clots, and in the subsequent phases of regenerative osteogenesis, the reaction of adjacent soft tissues, the formation of bone corns and its reduction in volume, accelerated. Almost complete restoration of the defect due to the introduction of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells occurs on the 28 day. While in the control group of animals, it ends only at 42 days. In addition, it was found that the introduction of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells directly to the site of injury regeneration processes in the area of the created bone defect are more intensively expressed in the first and subsequent phases of regeneration than in animals after the use of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells intravenously. The obtained data can be used to restore damaged bone tissue using stem cells, as well as for further experimental studies.