Direct observation of twin domains of NiO(100) by x-ray linear dichroism at the O K edge using photoemission electron microscopy

Kuniaki Arai,1 Taichi Okuda,2,* Arata Tanaka,3 Masato Kotsugi,4,5 Keiki Fukumoto,4 Takuo Ohkochi,4 Fangzhun Guo,4 Tetsuya Nakamura,4 Tomohiro Matsushita,4 Takayuki Muro,4 Masaki Oura,6 Yasunori Senba,4 Haruhiko Ohashi,4 Akito Kakizaki,1 and Toyohiko Kinoshita4,5 1The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan 2Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 2-313, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan 3Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan 4Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan 5CREST-JST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan 6RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan (Received 13 September 2011; revised manuscript received 18 January 2012; published 1 May 2012)