Polarized hyperon production in single-inclusive electron-positron annihilation at next-to-leading order.

We study the production of polarized $\Lambda$-hyperons in electron-positron annihilation. We are particularly interested in the transverse-spin dependence of the cross section for unpolarized incident electron-positron pairs. At high energies this process may be described in the collinear twist-3 framework, where the hadronization transition of partons into a transversely polarized $\Lambda$-hyperon can be written in terms of collinear twist-3 fragmentation matrix elements. We calculate the hard partonic cross sections and interference terms in perturbative QCD to next-to-leading order accuracy. We find that the QCD equation of motion plays a crucial role in our analysis. As a byproduct, assuming the validity of QCD factorization for twist-3 observables at next-to-leading order, we derive the evolution equation for the relevant twist-3 fragmentation matrix element.