Caracterización de la retinopatía del prematuro en el Hospital Nacional de Chimaltenango

Objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative disorder of the blood vessels of the retina. In Guatemala, there are few data of the disease; so, this study was conducted to characterize and determine the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity in the National Hospital of Chimaltenango. Material and Methods: A prospective, descriptive, observational study was conducted during October 2015 to September 2016 at the National Hospital of Chimaltenango. 76 preterm infants were examined. Were included patients with birth weight 2000 g and /or gestational age 37 weeks. Results: 17 (22,36%) patients with retinopathy of prematurity were found, of which 3 (3,95%) received treatment. The patients who develop plus disease had an average gestational age was 35,33 weeks (DS 1,15) and an average weight of 1861,67 gr (DS 734,76). 48,00% of the patients evaluated were beyond of recommended age for screening in Latin America guidelines, 18,00% of these had ROP including one case requiring treatment. Conclusions: The prevalence of ROP is similar than other studies in developing countries. However, this study emphasizes the relevance of knows the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ROP in each Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; because cases of ROP were found beyond the thresholds recommend by the Latin American guidelines.