Sluggish response of untrapped electrons and global electrostatic micro-instabilities in a tokamak

Electrons whether adiabatic or non-adiabatic play important role in determining the stability properties of a global electrostatic mode. In the present analysis, the effect of non-adiabaticity of electrons with all its kinetic effects is investigated for ion temperature gradient driven mode in the presence of fast ions using a linear gyro-kinetic code EM-GLOGYSTO-F.