Bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil enhanced by aged refuse

Abstract In this study, the effect of aged refuse on biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), microbial counts, soil ecotoxicity, dehydrogenase activity and microbial community compositions were investigated in solid phase reactors during a 30-week period. The results demonstrate that the removal efficiency of TPH was significantly higher in the soil supplemented with aged refuse than in the soil without aged refuse. After 30 weeks, the removal efficiencies of TPH in soils were 29.3%, 82.1%, 63.7% and 90.2% in the cases of natural attenuation, nutrient addition (with NH 4 NO 3 and K 2 HPO 4 ), supplement with 20% (w/w, dry weight basis) of aged refuse and the combination of nutrient and aged refuse. Nutrient plus aged refuse made the TPH concentration decrease to below the threshold level of commercial use required for Chinese soil quality for TPH (