Dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive disperse dye contain acyl fluoride group in supercritical carbon dioxide

Abstract Reactive disperse dyes with mono- and bi-acyl fluoride reactive groups have been synthesized using a simple and convenient method. The structures of these dyes have been defined by 1 H, 13 C and 19 F NMR. The cotton dyeing in supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc CO 2 ) with dyeing temperature varying from 60 °C to 120 °C and time between 1 h and 3 h and with the concentration of 0.5% owf (on weight of fabric) have been studied. Significant improvement of the color fastness of washing and rubbing has been observed owing to the covalent bond formed between the reactive group of dyes and the functional group of cotton fibers. Besides, the dyed fabrics possess favorable fastness properties, indicating the achievement of lower-temperature dyeing of cotton in Sc CO 2 . Additionally, the end products meet the garment dyeing standards as well. A mechanism of dyeing process is tentatively speculated meanwhile.