Post-test analyses of Na/S cells and aqueous batteries

Post-test examinations are conducted at Argonne National Laboratory to obtain quantitative information on electrode morphology, corrosion and degradation of the cell hardware, and mechanisms responsible for existing or future cell failures. These findings are reported to the organizations responsible for the construction of these cells and support their efforts in achieving improved cell performance, cycle life, and reliability. This paper presents results of post-test analyses of recent high-temperature sodium/sulfur cells, and of aqueous lead-acid and nickel/iron batteries. In particular, the relationship between electrode performance and electrode morphology is examined for each of the three battery systems.