Tephrochronology of marine sediments around the Island of Montserrat, Lesser Antilles volcanic arc
2008
The recent history of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat,
Lesser Antilles volcanic arc, is reconstructed using data obtained
from recently drilled submarine cores.Tephra layers in these
cores preserve a record of the volcanic history of Montserrat
back to ~250 ka on the basis of micropaleontology and stable
isotope stratigraphy. Stratigraphic relationships identified in the
cores collected in 2002 and 2005 document the fate of both
pyroclastic flows entering the ocean to the east of Montserrat
and carbonate-rich turbidites sourced from the carbonate platforms
surrounding the islands of the Lesser Antilles. Using oxygen
isotope stratigraphy, micropalaeontological analysis and
Carbon-14 dating, it can be shown that three significant volcanic
events, including the on-going eruption, have occurred over the
last 12 ka. Preceding this was a time of volcanic quiescence, with
three carbonate-rich turbidite events being documented in many
of the cores. Our data suggest that these events occurred during
Marine Isotope Stage 2, following the Last Glacial Maximum
(LGM) and onset of post-glacial sea level rise.
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