1906PBasal NK activity and early Treg function inhibition predicts Nivolumab responsiveness in metastatic renal cancer patients (REVOLUTION) trial

Abstract Background PD-1 blockade on Regulatory T cells (Tregs) increases resistance of effector T cells to Tregs suppression and directly reduces in vitro Tregs suppressive function. NKs expressed PD-1 and engagement of PD-1 reduces their cytolysis potential. and the effect of CXCR4 antagonism are evaluated on ex vivo Tregs and NKs. Methods 43 Nivolumab treated-mRCC patients, 20 other than ICI treated –mRCC (CTR) and 15 Healthy donors (HD) were enrolled. 29 patients underwent first clinical evaluation at 3 months resulting in 23 patients with Objective Response (OR) and 6 in progression (PD). Tregs (CD4+CD25+CD127lowFOXP3+) and NKs (CD3-CD56+CD107a+) phenotype and function were evaluated at day 0, 14, 28, 90, and 180. CFSE-T-effector proliferation-Treg dependent and CD107a externalization toward K562 as NK function were evaluated. Results 29 patients underwent first clinical evaluation at 3 months resulting in 23 patients with Objective Response (OR) and 6 in progression (PD). Higher NKG2D was reported on CD3-CD56dim cells from OR patients as compared to PD patients (p = 0.0054). A clear reduction in NK basal activity was detected at T0 in 3 months progressed Nivolumab treated patients (p = 0.029). Percent of basal Tregs CD4+CD25+CD127lowFOXP3+ was robustly high (p  Conclusions Basal NK activity and early detection (2 weeks) of CXCR4 dependent reversal of Treg suppressive activity significantly discriminates mRCC Nivolumab responding patients. Clinical trial identification NCT03891485. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Transcan 2016. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.