Blockchain Oracle-Based Privacy Preservation and Reliable Identification for Vehicles.

Vehicle identity authentication is an important research topic in the field of intelligent transportation. Existing vehicle identity authentication schemes solve the privacy and authentication problem using encryption, but they cannot detect whether a vehicle has malicious behavior while identifying the vehicle. To solve the above problems, a novel vehicle reliable identification scheme based on blockchain oracle is proposed in this paper. The scheme includes a trusted vehicle registration model, a data source reliability model, and an off-blockchain data aggregation model. Specifically, the trusted vehicle registration model divides the registered vehicles into ordinary vehicles and new vehicles. Ordinary vehicles use decentralized oracle technology to combine the on-blockchain smart contract with the off-blockchain real world, while new vehicles are constrained by an additional punishment mechanism. The data source reliability model uses an indicator voting and a resource quantification protocol to ensure the reliability of third-party data sources, and uses (t,n) threshold signature and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) to guarantee privacy when accessing the information of vehicles and drivers from third-party data sources. The off-blockchain data aggregation model uses multi-attribute analytic hierarchy process to aggregate the third-party data of vehicles and drivers. We implement the scheme in the Solidity Remix integrated development environment and Python environment. The results show that the scheme can effectively guarantee the privacy of vehicles and drivers, and also can achieve credibility, reliability, and fairness.