Epidemiology and diagnosis of bladder tumors

: Bladder cancer affects more often the male and accounts for about four per cent of death from cancer each year in France. Numerous factors may be responsible, first of which are smoking and certain carcinogens found in the workplace. Haematuria is well known as the main presenting symptom of bladder cancer but bladder tumors may present with and bladder symptom. Cystoscopy remains the key examination. Tumor resection brings details about the stage and the grade. In the case of an invasive tumor, staging procedures is necessary. This examination under estimates the stage in nearly 20% of cases. Superficial tumors are characterised by the risk of recurrence (40%).