The development of actual labour productivity measurement model for medium-class housing in Malang East Java, Indonesia

Up to the moment, the method used for measuring labor productivity in housing construction is the ‘Burgelijke Openbare Werken (BOW) 1921’, its modification, and the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2001. However, the labour productivity measured based on these conventional methods does not show the actual on-site productivity. This will make the construction cost estimate inefficient. This research carried out a study on the actual productivity based on eight internal factors and nine external factors, in order to obtain a model for actual labour productivity measurement. The data collection method used was site observation, questionnaires, and interview with the labours in 21 work items in medium-class housing construction in Malang, East Java. Analysis of the main components and multiple regression were applied on the data to obtain the determinants of the productivity model. From this research valid models for labour productivity measurements under the smallest coefficient of determination of 80% were obtained with eight factors strongly affecting the models. Besides, it is also proved that there are quite significant differences between the actual productivities and those of BOW 1921 and SNI 2001.