Developing Expertise and Expert Performance

How can we facilitate the development of expertise and expert performance through instructional design and technology? This chapter’s focal question is addressed by describing theories and methods from the science of expertise that teachers, trainers, and instructional designers can use to create expertise training. The deliberate practice framework, popularized as the 10,000-Hour Rule (i.e., 10 years or 10,000 hours of deliberate practice to become an expert), and the expert-performance approach are translated from the chess, music, and sports domains in which they were developed to a much broader range of professional domains, such as health care and education.