Briofitas del Parque Nacional Macarao, Venezuela

espanolResumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: El Parque Nacional Macarao es un area natural protegida ubicada cerca de la ciudad de Caracas, capital de Venezuela. A pesar de su ubicacion estrategica, es un area poco explorada biologicamente; el desconocimiento briologico es sustancial. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo fue inventariar los briofitos del Parque Nacional Macarao. Metodos: Se plantearon tres ejes para evaluar la flora de musgos, hepaticas y antoceros del Parque Macarao: una revision bibliografica de reportes para el area de estudio, una revision de herbarios nacionales (CAR, MY, VEN) y extranjeros (MO, NY, TROPICOS) y un inventario briofloristico sobre todos los sustratos disponibles a lo largo de siete localidades ubicadas entre 1500 y 2600 m s.n.m. Los ejemplares colectados se identificaron con claves taxonomicas especializadas; posteriormente, fueron depositados en los herbarios MO y VEN. Resultados clave: La informacion obtenida provino en 76% del inventario floristico, 19% revision bibliografica y 5% material de herbario. Se elaboro una lista con 114 especies distribuidas en 77 generos y 42 familias de briofitas (70 especies de musgos y 44 hepaticas). Las familias con mayor numero de especies fueron Lejeuneaceae (14 generos/21 especies), Orthotrichaceae (2/7), Sematophyllaceae (3/6), Fissidentaceae (1/6), Pilotrichaceae (4/4) y Neckeraceae (5/5). Conclusiones: Se incluyen 87 nuevos registros para el Parque Nacional Macarao y se reporta por primera vez Calymperes tenerum para Venezuela. Se recomienda incluir, segun los criterios de la UICN a Steerecleus serrulatus y Rhaphidorrhynchium decurvifolium como especies vulnerables dentro de la brioflora venezolana. EnglishAbstract: Background and Aims: The Macarao National Park is a protected area located near the city of Caracas, capital of Venezuela. Despite its strategic location, it is biologically little explored; the lack of bryological knowledge is substantial. The fundamental objective of this work was the inventory of the bryophytes of the Macarao National Park. Methods: Three actions were proposed to evaluate the flora of mosses, liverworts and anthocyanins of this park: bibliographic review of reports for the study area, herbarium review of different national (CAR, MY, VEN) and foreign herbaria (MO, NY, TROPICOS), and floristic inventory made on all available substrates across seven locations located between 1500 and 2600 m a.s.l. The collected specimens were identified with specialized taxonomic keys; subsequently, they were deposited in the herbaria MO and VEN. Key results: Seventy-six percent of the information was obtained from the floristic inventory, 19% from the bibliographic review and 5% from herbarium material. In this way, a list was prepared consisting of 114 species, distributed in 77 genera and 42 families of bryophytes (70 species of mosses and 44 liverworts). The families with the highest number of species were Lejeuneaceae (13 genera/21 species), Orthotrichaceae (2/7), Sematophyllaceae (3/7), Fissidentaceae (1/6), Pilotrichaceae (4/4) and Neckeraceae (5/5). Conclusions: Among the highlighted results, 87 new records are included for Macarao National Park and Calymperes tenerum is reported for Venezuela for the first time. It is recommended to include, according to the IUCN criteria, Steerecleus serrulatus, Rhaphidorrhynchium decurvifolium as vulnerable species within the Venezuelan bryoflora.