Detection of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in both cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Object. The aim of this study was to explore whether levels of intercellular adhesion molecule—1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule—1 (VCAM-1) are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods. This prospective clinical study focused on 21 patients who had recently suffered an SAH due to aneurysmal rupture and 15 control patients with hydrocephalus who had no other central nervous system disease. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples obtained within the first 3 days and on the 5th and 7th days of SAH were assayed for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Levels of soluble forms of ICAM-1 (p = 0.00001) and VCAM-1 (p = 0.009) in the patients' CSF and those of ICAM-1 (p = 0.00001) and VCAM-1 (p = 0.00001) in their serum were found to be elevated after SAH compared with levels in the CSF and serum of control patients with hydrocephalus. In addition, when the authors compared the increased ...