Ятрогенії та лікарські помилки як небажаний, але наявний атрибут медичної діяльності

The problem of iatrogenic diseases and medical mistakes in the context of the conflict model of doctor-patient has been examined with highlight on the historical, medical, ethical and legal aspects of iatrogeny. The expanding of etiology of iatrogenic diseases and increase in their numbers and changes in their characteristics in the conditions of scientific, technical and informational progress of society was noted. From the standpoint of medical and insurance assessments, the authors pointed out certain differences between iatrogenic and medical mistakes. Risk factors for iatrogenic diseases (gender, age), objective and subjective causes leading to their occurrence were listed. Definitions and classifications of these diseases have been presented. The role of iatrogenic diseases and medical mistakes in pathogenesis and thanatogenesis was noted. The results of epidemiological investigations, demonstrating extremely high iatrogenic frequency in the medical area and its extremely negative impact on the health of patients, have been outlined. Along with this, it is stated that iatrogenic disease is an undesirable but unfortunately inalienable attribute of a physician’s practice. The attention is drawn to the fact that these negative phenomena can be a result of an impeccable professional activity of a medical worker. It has been shown that in conditions of existing legal prejudgement, in case of conflict between a patient and a doctor, the latter is always considered accused, thus initiating creation of different organizational models for protection of a medical worker. Tactics of protective medicine and insurance of professional liability of medical workers have been considered as such models. In the judgement of the authors, exactly this type of insurance is the priority way of the resolving conflicts between a doctor and a patient. The conclusion has been made that decrease of the number and severity of Iatrogenic and medical errors should be the necessary component of the development of medical area on the stage of both professional education and practical activities of a specialist.