Условные обозначения (маркировка) строительных материалов и конструкций для информационного использования на всех этапах жизненного цикла

The article deals with the classification system of building materials and structures. The main advantages and disadvantages of existing information coding systems for use in the identification of building elements and materials are presented. The most common foreign classification and identification systems used when working with information models of individual structures, as well as buildings and structures, such as OmniClass (USA), Uniclass 2015 (UK), as well as the experience of Denmark in the development of classification systems, are considered. The main features and needs of information content in the design using the BIM model of the construction object were identified, which allowed to present for discussion the methodology for constructing a universal classifier-identifier, made in the form of an open hierarchical marking system based on previously developed and used in Russian classification and identification systems, for example, the classifier of building resources, the categorizer of the building catalog, symbols for typical structures, and so on. The use of this method allows partial use of existing construction catalogs, which reduces the cost of developing an information base and implementing a classifier. A classifier based on this method can be used to uniquely identify and classify a building system at all stages of its life cycle. The classifier can provide the user with a comprehensive set of data about the classification object, and can also be used to classify an element, structure, interface, material, or other part of the construction system, including when working with information models of construction objects. The introduction of a unified classification system will reduce the complexity at all stages of working with the information model and will contribute to technically competent operation that ensures the standard service life of buildings and structures.