Serum levels and pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid in dog following parenteral administration of Timentin

Garg, R.C., Keefe, T.J. & Vig, M.M. Serum levels and pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin and clavulanic acid in dog following parenteral administration of Timentin®. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 10, 324–330. The serum concentration-time data for ticarcillin (TICAR) and clavulanic acid (CLA) following intravenous and intramuscular administration of Timentin® (TICAR, 50 mg/kg with CLA, 1.7 mg/kg) indicated that absorption of CLA following intramuscular injection and its overall elimination from the body was faster than that of TICAR. This is supported by comparison of certain pharmacokinetic parameters for TICAR and CLA. These include the shorter value of Tmax for CLA (11.45 ± 1.60 min) than that for TICAR (29.93 ± 1.94 min) and significant variation in the elimination rate constants (0.183 ± 0.0018 min-1for CLA vs. 0.0097 ± 0.0006 min-1for TICAR) for the intravenous group of animals. The biological half-life of CLA (approximately 39 min) was significantly shorter (P < 0.01) than that of TICAR (approximately 73 min). In spite of initial faster absorption, the intramuscular bioavailability of CLA (65.02%) was less than that of TICAR (91.37%). Though the pharmacokinetic behaviour of TICAR and CLA is not similar, yet based on the therapeutically optimal concentrations of CLA and TICAR reached in serum, Timentin®at the dose used in the present study should be effective in treating most TICAR-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections in dogs. Timentin®is not likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by TICAR-resistant pseudomonads, at the dose used in the present study.