Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A systematic review

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive facultative aerobic, nonmotile coccus that is an opportunistic pathogen in both humans and animals. A new window was opened for eradication of infections by bacteria with the discovery of antibiotics. Plasmid-borne resistance genes appeared soon afterwards. Currently, the distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes between bacteria via horizontal and vertical transformation and prescription of antibiotics has severely complicated treatment of infection. Antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a worldwide concern. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are now recognized as problematic bacteria. The current review aims to cover some aspects of MRSA and its distribution worldwide. © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.