Analysis of genetic diversity in wild populations of Trachidermus fasciatus by RAPD and the transformation of two SCAR markers
2013
Firstly, RAPD was conducted to analyze genetic diversity of
Trachidermus fasciatus in the Fuchun River population (FR), Yellow
River population (YR), Luan River population (LR), and Yalu River
population (YL), with 32 polymorphic 10-bp random primers selected from
294 ones. Thirty wild individuals were detected in each population. The
results indicated that the genetic diversity of T . fasciatus was
relatively rich. The major results were as the following: 1)
Altogether, 591 bands were detected and 515 of them were polymorphic,
accounted for 87.14%. The range of proportion of polymorphic loci (P)
was: FR(89.17%)>YR(87.99%)>YL(86.63%)>LR(83.25%). 2) The
Shannon’s information index(IT) and Nei’s genetic
diversity(HT) among populations were 0.3393−0.3566 and
0.2157−0.2279, respectively. Compare to other three populations,
LR population had relative lower values. If took the populations as a
whole, the total Nei’s genetic diversity(HT) and Shannon’s
information index(IT) was 0.2336±0.1643 and 0.3710±0.2153,
respectively. 3) The value of gene flow (Nm) (5.76103−19.84497)
were high, indicating certain gene exchange existed among the four
populations. But the AMOVA results exhibited significantly
differentiation (P<0.05 or P<0.01) among the populations. 4) In
the UPGMA tree constructed according to genetic distance, YL and YR
populations clustered firstly, then with FR population, and finally
they joined to LR population. Obviously, the YL, YR and FR populations
had relatively close relationship according to their geographic
distance, whereas LR population showed clear divergence to the other
three populations. Secondly, out of the five special RAPD bands (S1225
525 bp, S1225 605 bp, S1225 841 bp, S1345 695 bp and S1345 825 bp),
SCAR maker SCAR01560 bp and SCAR02443 bp were successfully transformed
from S1255 605 bp and S1255 841 bp, respectively. After large samples
examination of the two markers, we found the highest frequency (96.67%
and 93.33%) in the YL population, higher frequency (83.33% and 90%) in
the FR population, high frequency (56.67% and 66.67%) in the YR
population, and the lowest frequency (13.33% and 20 %) in the LR
population. Therefore, SCAR01560 bp and SCAR02443 bp can be used as
special molecular markers for the population identification between LR
and other three populations.
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