Neuronal IFN-beta–induced PI3K/Akt-FoxA1 signalling is essential for generation of FoxA1 + T reg cells

Neurons can convert pathogenic T cells to anti-inflammatory FoxA1+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which can ameliorate EAE, but the molecular mechanism is only partially understood. Liu et al. show that autocrine interferon β signalling induces PDL1 expression in neurons, which is essential for neurons to reprogramme pathogenic T cells to FoxA1+ Tregs.