2 Routine testing and prophylaxis

Summary Routine testing and prophylaxis is considered in terms of haematological disorders, biochemical testing, hormonal testing, screening for gestational diabetes and nutritional deficiencies. Within these headings the place of routine supplementation of prognant women with iron, vitamins, trace elements and an increased protein/calorie intake is discussed. Screening for haemoglobinopathies, irregular blood group antibodies and gestational diabetes is dealt with in detail. The place for routine prophylaxis with anti-D is considered. Biochemical and hormonal testing is covered with particular reference to the use of biochemical and hormonal assays as placental function tests and their use in assessing fetal well-being. In this respect the use of biochemical and hormonal tests to screen a pregnant population for intrauterine growth retardation is also discussed.